After the arrival of Europeans, the greatest number of Indians died as a result of

As a result of diseases.

Explanation:

The Spanish and other Europeans that arrived in the New World in the 16th century brought diseases that were unknown among the Indian peoples and for which the local human population did not have anti-bodies , immunological resistance. Good examples are smallpox and siphyllis. It is impossible to know today how many Indians died because of sickness caused by the new viruses and bacteria, but some estimates put it in some 40-60 millions deaths, or some sources put even around 100 million deaths.

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the industrial development of cities in the ruhr area in the nineteenth century is described. the research was based on english and german language sources. several factors that shaped growth and paths of the cities were categorized and analyzed. they are locations, resources, traditions, entrepreneurs, and technological developments. locations and resources were the most important among them; other factors may be regarded as consequences from locations and resources. among the cities, bochum, essen, gelsenkirchen, and dortmund had the richest resources and most favorable locations in the transportation network and grew to be the largest cities in the ruhr area near the end of the nineteenth century. riverside location was also a favorable factor for the development, as shown in the development of duisburg on the confluence of rhine and ruhr. resource distribution can explain the rise of textile industry, metallurgical industry, and coal and iron industries, and the northward progression of the mining industry. tradition was an important factor for cities such as krefeld, barmen, elberfeld, solingen, and remscheid, which experienced development based on their traditions through the nineteenth century. various entrepreneurs exerted influences within and beyond the local level over the ruhr area. technological development stimulated the northward progression of the mining industry and the deep connection between the coal and the iron industries.