How did urbanization contribute to social reform movements?

While the work was dangerous and difficult, many Americans were willing to leave behind the declining prospects of pre industrial agriculture in the hope of better wages in industrial labor. Furthermore, problems ranging from famine to religious persecution led a new wave of immigrants to arrive from central, eastern, and southern Europe, many of whom settled and found work near the cities where they first arrived. Immigrants sought solace and comfort among others who shared the same language and customs, and the nation’s cities became an invaluable economic and cultural resource.

Explanation: hope answered your question correctly

b. germany and italy

the answer is "by providing data about careers and annual mean wages"