In country X provinces do not have any independent authority instead they carry out the laws and policies of the national government this is an example of what government

Federal Government / Federation

Explanation:

Federalism is a form of governments where there's a coming together of partially self governing provinces or states or regions under a Central government referred to as the federal government. Here, provinces do not have independent authority, but rather carry out laws and policies of the central/national government. Federation comprises of various provinces or state with a central or national government.

julius caesar turned the roman republic into the roman empire by coming in and taking the "dictator" role during the time of a civil war (elites vs lower classes) winning battles and reputation, then declaring him dictator for life

hope this : )

answer; taking up arms to defend the nation;