Which one of the following events was not instrumental in the leading of California's admission to the Union?

the Bear Flag Rebellion
the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
the Gadsden Purchase
the California Gold Rush

From which of the following literary works is this quotation most likely taken?

What did jesuits and the leaders of the council of trent have in common? they wanted to improve relations with protestants by making compromises. they were opposed to improving spirituality within the catholic faith. they accused people of heresy and witchcraft. they were concerned with improving religious education.

How did modern american history begin with “contact”?