Timeline of Slavery in Colonial America 1619 - 1830
Compiled using: Ferris State University Timeline | PBS Slavery in America | The Root
1619
First ship of captured Africans are brought to the US by a Dutch trading ship, they are sold as indentured servants to colonists in the US
1664
The State of Maryland mandates lifelong servitude for all black slaves. New York, New Jersey, the Carolinas, and Virginia all pass similar laws.
Late 1600’s
The 13 colonies of the US are established along the Atlantic Coast - in the Middle and Southern colonies, farming of cash crops (tobacco, cotton, and rice) develop as the largest industries as a result of the climate and environment in these regions
1705
Virginia Slave codes decree that all black and mulatto are considered real property
1760’s
Industrial revolution in England, demand for cotton rises around the world
1776
Declaration of Independence is written and declares that in the US all “all men are created equal” - but does not abolish or mention slavery.
1787
The Northwest Ordinance is written and passed - forbids slavery in the Northwest Territory. Residents of the territory are required to return fugitive slaves.
1788
The U. S. Constitution is officially adopted - the document mentions slavery twice: first - the Fugitive Slave Clause (article 4, section 2, clause 3) required a slave who fled to another state to be returned to their master. Secondly, the "3/5" clause stated that each slave is considered three-fifths of a person for the purposes of congressional representation and taxes.
1793
Eli Whitney patents the cotton gin, making cotton production more profitable. The market value of slaves increases as a result (in 1800, in New Orleans, each slave was valued at about $500, by 1860 this price had risen to $1800).
1803
Louisiana Purchase is made by President Jefferson and the United States. The new lands meant Americans could move west into new territories to settle new lands.
1807
The Act of 1807 passed by US Congress stipulated that after January 1st 1808, importation of slaves would be unlawful, this act did NOT ban the slave trade within the United States
1813
Francis Lowell opens up the Boston Manufacturing company, first factory in the US to transform raw cotton to cotton cloth, demand for cotton driven by the industrial revolutions in England and the US rises very quickly
1830
Indian Removal Act opens up lands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Tennessee, Mississippi, Kentucky and North Carolina for settlement by white US citizens and moves Natives west of the Mississippi River

Question:

Analysis: Based on the information in this timeline, how do you think the movements known as manifest destiny and westward expansion impacted the growth of slavery in the United States? Cite evidence from the timeline to support your claims.