How did political parties start?

ba geologist finds four sedimentary rock she determines that no geologic events have shifted the layers she labeles them a,b,c,dbfrom top to bottom

to reform the distraught soviet union, the democratization of the communist party was promoted through party secretary mikhail gorbachev's policies of “perestroika” and “glasnost.” perestroika refers to the reconstruction of the political and economic system established by the communist party.