is a document that gives us firsthand historical information

Primary Source.

Explanation:

In the study of history as an academic discipline, primary source constitute the raw material of history. They include all the documents, testimonies, recordings or objects that convey significant information regarding the events that have taken place, especially in the past. Within them, and considering the value that others also have, written sources are the basic support for building history.

The historian works historical sources to obtain from them as much information as possible. It must also attend to its variety, making an appropriate selection of them.

the correct answer is a) egypt and china.

egypt and china are two of the world’s oldest civilizations known by man. both ancient empires have left a great historic and cultural legacy to the world through archeology. both civilzations developed complex social relations, had deep religious beliefs, had dominion of agriculture and left writing records to understand their customs and culture.

among the requirements to consider a civilization, we find urbanization, writing records, a place of residence, agriculture methods, technological specialization, means of transportation, currency, population density, social stratification, and political integration.