Built as an expression of the patron's desire to re-establish Europe as the center of Christendom" and "Attempted to transcend the emotional and sensory impact of Hagia Sophia"?

Basilica of Saint Peter.

Explanation:

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Between 1506 and 1626, the current building of the basilica was built in the city of Vatican. Pope Julius II commissioned the design to Bramante, who began the works on the old paleochristian church that contained the tomb of the apostle Peter.

In the long time that its materialization lasted, many artists of great fame intervened in the construction and decoration of the Church, who expressed their personal imprint on it.  For this reason, the final formal result of the basilica varied from the original design devised by Bramante.

Due to its dimensions and artistic importance, St. Peter's Basilica symbolizes the center of Christianity in the world. In this way, it represents the most important Catholic temple in the world.

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what are local authorities doing to fix the problem

explanation:

the answer to your question is a. the salt plains

in 1811, he led an expedition, known as the george c. sibley expedition, to improve relations with the pawnee and kansa tribes, and also to locate the rumored jefferson's salt mountain