What was the name of the device used by chinese traders that was like an early calculator?

The idea of manifest destiny simply stated it was america's destiny to expand from the atlantic ocean to the pacific. the word "destiny" implies an idea that it was within our rights as a nation to expand. in a paragraph of 125+ words, explain what could be wrong with that idea.

1) both gandhiji and bhagat singh believed in ‘inquilab’. however, both of them differed in their strategy to bring about ‘inquilab’. find out a. what does ‘inquilab’ mean? b. what was the strategy followed by the two leaders in bringing about ‘inquilab’? answer it quickly pls

During the era of european expansion, what was the biggest reason for spain’s push for exploration?