When w. e.b. du bois said the following, whose philosophy of vocational education was he criticizing?

"if we make money the object of man-training, we shall develop money-makers but not necessarily men; if we make technical skill the object of education, we may possess artisans but not, in nature, men."

a. john dewey
b. booker t. washington
c. the naacp
d. ida b. wells