Which statement correctly defines the khanates of the thirteenth century?

khanates were officials within the mongolian government.
khanates were independent areas of the mongol empire.
khanates were royal descendants of genghis khan.
khanates were territories just outside of mongolia.

Khanates were independent areas of the Mongol Empire.

Explanation:

There were 4 khanates that individually operated on their own, but the 4 khanates made up the Mongol Empire. They were kind of like 4 different states in the US.

the causes of the dust bowls were severe droughts,   lands became dry and hard, temperature was higher than usual, hot and dry conditions killed crops, high winds. because of those factors, the winds kicked up dry soil and created clouds of dust.