In the late eighteenth century, the united states used as a port to conduct trade activities with china and india. was the backbone of the hawaiian economy. it made up more than three quarters of the nation’s total wealth. the us government made a trade agreement with hawaii so that sugar could be sold in the united states.

The  pan-african movement  was an "emotional, cultural, psychological and ideological  movement  that began among the  african  dispora in the western hemisphere, for a closer  purpose, so that  african  people could feel secure, attain political, economic as well as psychological power visa vis other races or world regions" .

Answer is mass marketing.

It is a! : ) hope that !