How were west africa’s coastal and inland societies different from european kingdoms in 1500 ce?
select the best answer from the choices provided.
a.
they preserved smaller societies, languages, and cultures.
b.
they had more democracy and did not have kings.
c.
their women had more power and status.
d.
they did not write or use metals.

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b: to eliminate competition from other farmers

islamic religious leaders have traditionally been people who, as part of the clerisy, mosque, or government, performed a prominent role within their community or nation. however, in the modern contexts of muslims minorities in non-muslim countries as well as secularised muslim states like turkey, indonesia and bangladesh, religious leadership may take a variety of non-formal shapes.

compared to religious leaders/clerics of the other abrahamic faiths, islamic clergy are said to resemble rabbis and not priests. unlike catholic priests they do not "serve as intermediaries between mankind and god",[1] have "process of ordination",[2] or "sacramental functions",[1] but instead serve as "exemplars, teachers, judges, and community leaders," providing religious rules to the pious on "even the most minor and private" matters.[1]