Which of the following statements best summarizes nationalism in the middle east during the 1920s?

the process was aimed to unite independent movements around the country to build a common voice and is attributed to mustafa kemal atatürk, as he was the primary spokesperson, public figure, and military leader of the movement.

hope this ! x

the correct answer for the first is d

although the crusades failed to capture jerusalem, they had several major impacts on western europe. they increased the authority of the king: sometimes nobles died in battle without leaving an heir in which case the king got their land. kings passed taxes to pay for the crusades.