What is the dependent variable in this experiment?

How did tyrants attempt to gain the approval of common citizens in ancient greece?

Which of these statements describes a long-term impact of european imperialism in africa? a. african countries joined together to present a united front against imperialism. b. europeans paid african countries after colonizing them, offering these new countries a fresh start. c. european powers drew the current borders, splitting ethnic groups among modern countries. d. africans became more loyal to their countries than to their ethnic groups.

Who had the idea that there should be 3 branches of government