Nationalist movements weakened the ottoman empire, affecting europe by: putting europeans at the head of new governments. opening up new trade routes in the empire. creating allies in newly formed nations. weakening the empire as a whole.

The correct answer is C: Creating allies in newly formed nations

Explanation:

As the nationalist forces gradually broke up the Ottoman Empire, new independent nations were created. Newly formed nations close the capital, such as Bulgaria, Greece, Albania, Armenia etc were predominantly Christian and had already received a lot of support from Western European powers.

They immediately became allies to regional powers of Britain and France.

Apart from these, many far flung holdings of the Ottomans including Libya, Saudi Arabia etc were Muslims but became close allies to the Europeans, in an effort to curtail the influence of the Turks.

pan-africanism or pan-africanism is a political, philosophical, cultural and social movement that promotes african twinning, the defense of the rights of african people and the unity of africa under a single sovereign state, for all africans, both africa as of the african diasporas.