The pendleton act of 1883 was created to

a) prevent trusts and monopolies from forming.
b) provide political supporters with government jobs.
c) ensure that only the most qualified candidates ran for public office.
d) ensure that only the most qualified people got jobs in the federal

A)prevent trusts and monopolies from forming.

Explanation:

It was enacted in order to avoid political interests. Jobs would now be awarded by the acts of the candidate, not by the political affiliation. Therefore,   if the person was not technically qualified, if they had done enough merits for the government, regardless of political affiliation, they would most likely receive the job.

"germany's geographic location was an advantage when it was on the offensive in the war because it was situated next to an extremely wide river, the rhine, which was difficult for the allies to cross."

warfare was the primary means of cultural transmission in both regions.