ANSWER:
In the modern world Islam is seen as many things, but rarely is it viewed as a source of inspiration and enlightenment. Though it is a force of eg many and social facts that contributed to the advancement of human civilizations and the currents of history as opposed to just the political context of earlier writers. In this context, he analyzed the dynamics of group relationships and showed how group feelings, These embellishments included the calligraphic mosaics of mosques, tombs and places through out Persia , India, Turkey, Egypt, Morocco along with marble carving, plaster work, delicate inlay and tile work. Muslims also evolved their own style of art, while producing beautiful ceramic tiles, porcelain, pottery, plates, bowls, tapestries and rugs, and lamps. The defining elements of Islamic Architecture are many. The use of the frame created organization and design.. Calligraphy was found in the decoration of almost every Islamic building as well as many objects. Geometry become a major art form by using the circle as a basis and generating patterns from repetition, symmetry and changing scale to create unusual effects. Reflected light was developed and multiplied with the Muqarnas cells beneath domes, and they reflected and refracted light. Ceramic tiles and mirrors were added to use light and increase them. Foliation including the classical vine and scroll motifs gave rise to the abstract art of the arabesque. Lastly, water was an essential element, whether flowing through palaces in India or in fountains found in the inner courtyards of Spain. Islamic architecture influenced the widespread use of the niche form for Mihrab, tombstone, door, window or decorative feature, lamps, domes, mosaics, geometric shapes, patterns, intertwining leaf motifs and designs, fountains, gardens, and courtyards. Islamic art took from the civilizations surrounding it and also impacted them. The Chinese were influenced in their vases and carpets. Medieval Europe were influenced in their arts and showed it from their adoption of arches to their illuminations of Latin and Hebrew manuscripts. Of course the epitome of Islamic art can be seen in the greatest Islamic masterpieces such as the grand mosques of Cordova in Spain, the Taj Mahal in India, and the Blue mosque in Turkey. The works of these Muslim artists have become prototypes and models on which other artists and craftsmen patterned their own works, or from which they derived the inspiration for related work. Thus the contributions of early Islam was so rich, so voluminous and so varied that it defies this brief descriptive survey. The destruction of Baghdad and the Mongol invasions did not even hinder them from learning and elaborating on the arts and sciences, despite the great destruction of their books and knowledge. Muslims believe that one of their roles in this life is to do good for mankind and to explore their planet. That is why they were encouraging science and research. Of these contributions in medicine are:
Development of psychotherapy and other therapeutic methods.
Research work on smallpox and measles.
Production of medical treatment and medical drugs.
Extensive research on properties of scores of drugs.
Distinguished mediastinitis from pleurisy.
Recognized the contagious nature of disease and ability of disease to spread to water and soil.
Discover the existence of blood capillaries.
Use and discussion of animal psychology and physiology.
Constructed magnificent, well organized, and well equipped hospitals that, at that time, were unrivaled in the world and whose doors were open for all the public.
Provided the first detailed study of the human eye.
Discovered the use of chemistry for medical purposes.
Establishment of the first apothecary shop.
Production of the first pharmacopeadia.
The first to discover and identify three chief acids : nitric, sulfuric, and hydrochloric.
Discovered the arts of distillation, crystallization, and oxidation.
Classified substances into mineral, vegetable, and animal origin.
ANSWER 2:
- There are several Muslim poets such as Omar Khayyam, Shari Ludhianawho have indirectly contributed to psychology.
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