How did military strategies change during the war’s

- South decided needed to be defensive & offensive because an occasional victory did not change the course of the war

- Grant came up with the new & shocking idea of economic or "total" warfare

- War should also be waged in the minds of civilians & wanted to be feared by southerners

- The bitter nature of warfare during that final year threatened Lincoln's hopes for reconciliation

basic principles: federalism, separation of powers, checks and balances, judicial review, representative democracy, limited government, rule of law, individual rights and responsibilities, consent of the governed, majority rule, popular sovereignty, equal protection.

stick up my a**