Former communist nations began to join the european union in .

In 2004 ten countries joined the European Union: Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia. Some of these countries, such as Latvia or Lithuania were formerly communist nations, which also were under the influence of the URSS during the Cold War era.

2004...i may be wrong so just try to triple check

Explanation:

keeping a cash reserve because cash flow is the the movement of money through a company and if it just sits there, it wont the movement