What was the ultimate impact of justinian’s constant wars to rebuild the byzantine empire? re-institution of rome as the empire's capital army spread thin and open to attack sustained occupation of the old western roman provinces growth and stability in the byzantine empire

I believe the answer is C, "Sustained occupation of the old Western Roman provinces."

Re-institution of Rome as the empire's capital

Explanation:

The Gothic war was a warlike conflict that took place between 535 and 554 in the territory of the Ostrogothic kingdom. It was the result of the decision of the Byzantine Roman Emperor Justinian I to reverse the events of a century ago, when the Eastern Roman Empire had lost its provinces in Italy first before Odoacer and then with Theodoric the Great, king of the Ostrogoths.

The Pyrrhic victory of the Gothic War absorbed the resources of the Byzantine Empire, which would have been much more necessary to be used against more immediate threats in the East. In Italy, the war devastated the urban society, which was sustained by the rural interior lands. Large Roman cities and allies would be abandoned, and Italy would fall into a long period of stagnation. The impoverishment of Italy and the scarcity of resources in the Empire made it impossible for the Eastern Romans to conserve Italy. The economic destruction of Italy was so complete that it took several centuries for the communes to recover. The imperial triumphs were fleeting: only three years after the death of Justinian, the continental Italian territories fell into the hands of a less civilized Germanic people, the Lombards, leaving from the exarcado of Ravenna a band of territory that extended through central Italy to the Tyrrhenian Sea and south to Naples, together with southern Italy, as the only imperial bastion. Justiniano also managed to preserve outside Italy an imperial dominion over southern Spain, but it would also be conquered by Germanic tribes a few decades later. After the Gothic War, the Empire would not harbor more serious expectations in the West. Rome itself would remain under imperial control until the exarchate of Ravenna was finally abolished by the Lombards in 751. Southern Italy would be under the control of the Roman Empire of the East (administered directly by Constantinople) until the late eleventh century.

honeslty bro its the same thing

when studying cause and effect, historians usually group the causes into different categories. for example, cultural causes reflect how a society’s literature and art convey the way the society saw itself in relation to the rest of the world. another resource that historians use to understand society is pop culture, which tells them the trends and ideas that are preferred by the common people. when studying cause and effect, it’s important to remember multiple causation, or the idea that an effect could have several causes and vice versa.  

the correct option is “cultural causes” since art and literature are related to the culture of a place. culture is determined by literature, art, music.

the correct option is “pop culture” since it reflects the likes and ideas of common people whereas the rest of the options do not focus on common people.  

the correct option is “multiple causation” since it refers to the idea that events are caused by multiple reasons, not just a single one.