What is the best description of the conservatives they were the left-wingers they wanted the king executed they wanted few changes they favored a republic

The correct option is: they wanted few changes they favored a republic

In politics, conservatism is called the set of doctrines, currents, opinions and positions, usually center-right and right, which favor traditions and which are adverse to radical political, social or economic changes, opposing progressivism. Socially, conservatives defend family and religious values.

C) they wanted few changes

Just did it on Edge!!

the hereditary right of a monarch to rule from the mandate of heaven

i'd assume india mainly because of how isolated japan was.   plus it is a whole china away.