These were passed to give whites control over african americans in the south

The Black Codes in the United States were laws enacted in the states after the American Civil War.

seeing as no choices were provided, i'll do my best to answer it from knowledge.

job specialization promotes work ethic to the person doing the job. he/she may be strong in the arms and able to lift things, specializing him/her in a job where you lift and carry.

it provided for equal trade rights among nations in china.