James madison is called the “ of the constitution.”

Answer : the correct answer is " the father of the constitution "

Explanation

James Madison  was an American politician,  the fourth president of the United States. He is considered one of the most influential "founding fathers of the United States" for his contribution to the drafting of the United States Constitution and the United States Bill of Rights( the first 10 amendments to the US Constitution) He worked closely with new President George Washington in organizing the new federal government. Thomas Jefferson and he organized the Democratic-Republican Party.

the respondent is the party against whom a petition is filed

answer; i believe that the correct answer is (c) arctic tundra;