Mcculloch versus maryland upheld the concept of implied powers and set a pattern for which type of approach to interpreting the constitution

Liberal Constructionist

(d) rivers.

explanation:

civilizations developed around rivers because their waters provided places to hunt and fish. also, as the rivers flooded, the lands around them became fertile. this allowed them to support farming. this is especially true of the nile river, which flooded the same time each year.