Implied powers" could best be defined as powers a(congress has interpreted as being given to them. b( court has taken away from congress. c(congress is given explicitly in the u. s. constitution d( the president is given explicitly in the u. s. constitution.

“Powers of the United States Congress are implemented by the United States Constitution, defined by rulings of the Supreme Court, and by its own efforts and by other factors such as history and custom. It is the chief legislative body of the United States. Some powers are explicitly defined by the Constitution and are called enumerated powers; others have been assumed to exist and are called implied powers.”

racism and segregation.