Beveridge says american should not give back the philippines to the reeking hands form

The Spanish.

Spanish was the former colonial overlords of the Philippines and Beveridge was opposed to the idea of returning the Philippines to Spain.

julius caesar turned the roman republic into the roman empire by coming in and taking the "dictator" role during the time of a civil war (elites vs lower classes) winning battles and reputation, then declaring him dictator for life

hope this : )