What relationship did the government have with religion in mesopotamia? what relationship did the government have with religon in ancient egypt?

Religion played a decisive role in both governments of Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia.

In Ancient Egypt, the Pharaoh was believed to have descended from the realm of the Gods. His role was that of an intermediary between them and the people of the empire. His obligation was to sustain rituals for the gods in order to maintain an order in the universe. Massive amounts of resources were also assigned to the creation of temples where these rituals were held.

In Mesopotamia, the King was considered as a religious leader. He exercised the cult with the help of specialists whose task was to serve as an intermediary between men and the gods. These group of specialists included a "supervising" priest for purification against demons, priests for the purification of the temple, and priests for appeasing the anger of the gods and its subsequent wrath.  

the crusades are one of the most significant events in the history of europe and the middle east.   they were a series of religious wars carried out by christian crusaders from europe during the timeframe of the middle ages.   beginning in 1095 ce, the crusades saw european knights and noblemen travel to the middle east in an attempt to capture the holy land away from muslim people that had controlled the region for the previous centuries.   the term crusade means ‘cross’.   therefore, the europeans that became crusaders viewed themselves as ‘taking up the cross’.   in fact, many of the crusaders wore crosses on their clothing and armor as they made their pilgrimage to the holy land.

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