Before 2000 b. c.e., which areas of the new world exhibited complex social rank, economic specialization, population centers, and a substantial hierarchy of wealthy, powerful elites?

The area that had an an advanced civilization in the Americas (New World) before 2000 B.C.E. is the coastal region of central Peru.

The only New World advanced civilization that exhibited complex social rank, economic specialization, population centers, as well as a substantial hierarchy of wealthy, powerful elites, was the Caral-Supe civilization of central, coastal Peru, which existed in the period between 3000 and 2500 B.C.E. The Caral-Supe people had over 20 settlements (at least that many are discovered), they portrayed a very well organized society, and they are well known for their enormous buildings and excellent architecture, some of which is as big as a small hill.

ayatollah khomeini can best be described as the leader who declared iran to be an islamic republic.