Many ancient societies had some form of science

True. In the form of medicinal research to treat the royalties and the civilians. E.g. The Scottish scientist Fleming discovered penicillin which saved many lives.

food and resources were plentiful.

women were encouraged to marry later in life so they could work in factories.

consider an orange peel: if you want to try and lay it flat, you have to stretch it, we know exactly how things are being stretched or squashed at any given point. we have many different map projections because each has different patterns of some projections can even preserve certain features of the earth without