Why did poland and hungary emerge from the transition to a market economy with less strain than other nations in the former soviet bloc?

because both had adopted some free-market practices early on and had hired advisers to speed the transformation of the economy.

They set up business schools and worked to attract foreign capital, anchoring themselves securely to the world economy.

on november 6 and 7, 1917 (or october 24 and 25 on the julian calendar, which is why the event is often referred to as the october revolution), leftist revolutionaries led by bolshevik party leader vladimir lenin launched a nearly bloodless coup d'état against the duma's provisional government.