What artifact scholars decipher hieroglyphics?

The Rosetta Stone, which had ancient Greek carved into it as well. We already knew that one, so the hieroglyphics became much easier to decipher. 

The transcontinental railroad provided a means of fast transportation. it cut a 6 month trip into 6 days, created jobs for many people and encouraged immigration. the homestead act played a huge role in western expansion; it allowed settlers to begin a fresh start, and gave them land in exchange for their residence for up to five years and a small fee.