How did cold war conflicts between the united states and the soviet union impact political ideologies around the world? include details about the spread of democracy and communism and the adoption of socialism in various forms.

The Cold War is the designation given to the political-ideological conflict between the United States (USA), defenders of capitalism, and the Soviet Union (USSR), advocate of a form of socialism. There is no consensus on the exact date of the beginning of the Cold War.

The Cold War manifested itself in all sectors of life and culture, representing the opposition between two ideals of happiness: the socialist ideal and the capitalist ideal. The socialists idealized an egalitarian society. The state owned the banks, the factories, the credit system and the land, and it was the state that was supposed to distribute wealth and ensure a decent life for all citizens. For the capitalists, the reasoning was the opposite. Individual happiness was the main thing.

Thanks to these economic, political and military measures, both the United States and the Soviet Union have created blocks or areas of influence, that is, a set of allied countries. The United States-led bloc comprised the countries of Europe, numerous countries in Africa, Asia, and Oceania. These countries adopted a capitalist or market economy system.

The Soviet Union, in turn, brought together under its leadership the so-called socialist countries, which adopted the system of planned economy. This bloc belonged to the countries of Eastern Europe, some countries of Africa and Asia, as well as Cuba (from 1961).

China, whose government adopted socialism from 1949 onwards, remained allied with the Soviet Union until 1958, when it broke friendship with its neighbor and went its own ways. From 1972, it resumed relations with the US.

the founder of the byzantine empire and its first emperor, constantine the great, moved the capital of the roman empire to the city of byzantium in 330 ce, and renamed it constantinople.

the byzantine empire (the eastern roman empire) was distinct from the western roman empire in several ways; most importantly, the byzantines were christians and spoke greek instead of latin.

constantine the great also legalized christianity, which had previously been persecuted in the roman empire. christianity would become a major element of byzantine culture.

constantinople became the largest city in the empire and a major commercial center, while the western roman empire fell in 476 ce.

as emperor, constantine enacted many administrative, financial, social, and military reforms to strengthen the empire. the government was restructured and civil and military authority separated. a new gold coin, the solidus, was introduced to combat inflation. it would become the standard for byzantine and european currencies for more than a thousand years. as the first roman emperor to claim conversion to christianity, constantine played an influential role in the development of christianity as the religion of the empire. in military matters, the roman army was reorganized to consist of mobile field units and garrison soldiers capable of countering internal threats and barbarian invasions. constantine pursued successful campaigns against the tribes on the roman frontiers—the franks, the alamanni, the goths, and the sarmatians, and even resettled territories abandoned by his predecessors during the turmoil of the previous century.