How were the new immigrants that arrived in america in the late 1800s different from earlier waves that move the immigrants

Most of the immigrants who arrived in America during the 1800s were people who wanted to escape their agricultural failures, their country's rising taxes, and famine. They were in search for a land of opportunity and they saw that America would provide this for them. The earlier waves of immigrants on the other hand were mostly Europeans who colonized America and brought forth a lot of influences to the country.