Why was learning how to make things out of papyrus an important achievement for the egyptians?

What important discovery was made by edmond halley and alexis clairaut, using newton's ideas of mathematics and gravity? they created the scientific method to outline how science should be conducted. they were able to find the orbit of a comet and predict the year of its return. they discovered the three newest planets--uranus, neptune, and pluto. they explained why objects appear to have color.