It depends on the type of vaccine.
No effect on your ability to donate
These vaccines are made from inactivated or recombinant material and you can donate straight away after having one.
DiphtheriaInfluenza (both seasonal flu and H1N1 or 'swine' flu)Hepatitis AMeningococcusPertussis (whooping cough)PneumococcusQ feverTetanusHuman papillomavirus (Gardasil)Can only donate plasma for four weeks
These vaccines are made from live material and you need to wait four weeks before donating whole blood or platelets:
MeaslesMumpsRubellaPolio (Sabin)Chicken pox/shinglesTuberculosis (BCG)Wait one week before donating anythingHepatitis BWait eight weeks before donating anythingSmallpoxWait 12 months or more before donating anythingTrial vaccinesIf you’re unsure of the source of the vaccine