prevê a resposta dos nefrónios à grande quantidade de água perdida por transpiração durante o exercício físico

What is the difference between drug misuse and drug abuse?

You isolate an infectious substance capable of causing disease in plants, but you do not know whether the infectious agent is a bacterium, virus, viroid, or prion. you have four methods at your disposal to analyze the substance and determine the nature of the infectious agent. i. treat the substance with enzymes that destroy all nucleic acids and then determine whether the substance is still infectious. ii. microscope. iii. culture the substance on nutritive medium, away from any plant cells. iv. treat the sample with proteases that digest all proteins and then determining whether the substance is still infectious. if you already know that the infectious agent was either bacterial or viral, which method(s) listed above would allow you to distinguish between these two possibilities? a) ib) iic) ii or iiid) iv

In 2009, a flu pandemic was believed to have originated when viral transmission occurred from pig to human, thereby earning the designation, "swine flu." although pigs are thought to have been the breeding ground for the 2009 virus, sequences from bird, pig, and human viruses were all found within this newly identified virus. what is the most likely explanation of why this virus contained sequences from bird, pig, and human viruses? a) the virus was descended from a common ancestor of bird, pig, and human flu viruses. b) the infected individuals happened to be infected with all three virus types. c) related viruses can undergo genetic recombination if the rna genomes mix and match during viral assembly. d) the human was likely infected with various bacterial strains that contained all three rna viruses.