To joey quit smoking, a therapist delivers an electric shock to joey's arm each time he smokes a cigarette. this would create a negative reaction towards smoking instrad of the gratification he received prior to treatment therapy. under which method/perspective does this treatment fall under?

The method/perspective under which  this treatment falls under is aversive conditioning.
This means that each time a person wants to do something he or she is not supposed to do, they will experience an uncomfortable stimulus that will help them associate that bad thing with the bad experience. This way, they will no longer want to do that bad thing because it will remind them they will experience pain along with that.

Ithink you should go with c

Ibelieve the answer is d.