What is a system for mapping around earth on a flat surface called

There are a few systems. For most maps you find either Universal Transverse Mercator projection [U.T.M. for short] or Lambert Conformal Conic. These two projections are most common for mapping regions of the Earth's surface to maps, and for determining coordinates for GPS.Source:Geodesy is the science of positioning places on the Earth's surface. Cartography is the science of using rules from Geodesy to make maps.

Small intestine because that is the organ which absorbs nutrients