What new concept is being introduced to detect lying?

In this model, what do p, s, and a bases represent?

Esther works at a large hospital where she plans food service programs she monitors an records information regarding patients diets and intake and is devoloping a new meal plan that addresses several different dietary needs for many types of patients esther enjoys her work as she feelss that she is patients develop healthier habits

Sarah’s friend had been binge drinking and was intoxicated. sarah immediately called 9-1-1