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The word intelligence often conjures up images of maths and science or IQ tests and complicated algorithms. People who are thought to have high intelligence are valued and often considered a cut above the rest. How do you measure intelligence however? And, is there only one kind? What if you are useless at maths, but brilliant at languagesā¦does that make you unintelligent?
These are the very questions that Harvard psychologist Howard Gardner addressed in his 1983 book, āFrames of the Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences.ā Here, Gardener explains that people do not have a set intellectual capacity, but rather many kinds of intelligences, for example a person can be musically intelligent, but terrible with numbers. In his book, Gardener argues that traditional psychometric views of measuring intelligence are too narrow and that they canāt possibly capture all the abilities and talents people possess. He states that it would be incomplete to judge someoneās intelligence by one or two factors alone. In fact, Gardener suggests that there are nine different types of intelligence, which one are you?
1. Naturalistic Intelligence
Have you noticed how some people can make anything grow? Itās as if they have a āgreen thumbā. Others connect with animals easily and some are completely at home in nature. Naturalistic intelligence describes people who are sensitive to the natural world. They enjoy being outside, nurturing and exploring the environment. People with high naturalistic intelligence are sensitive to subtle changes in nature and the environment around them.
2. Musical Intelligence
Not everyone has green thumbs and a love for the great outdoors. Instead, some people are naturally drawn towards music. People with musical intelligence are generally more sensitive to sound and often pick up on noises that others would not normally be aware of. They have an excellent sense of rhythm and the ability to recognise tone and pitch. More often than not they play an instrument or are involved in music as a profession.
3. LogicalāMathematical Intelligence
Of all the types of intelligence, logical-mathematical intelligence is the most similar to what we typically associate with general intelligence. People with this type of intelligence are excellent at maths and working with numbers. They can recognise patterns easily and work out processes in a logical manner. They have excellent reasoning skills and can often talk themselves out of trouble. People with high logicalāmathematical intelligence are often drawn to games involving strategy and the solving of puzzles.
4. Existential Intelligence
While many of us are happy with going about our lives day by day, people with high levels of existential intelligence often think more deeply about daily occurrences. They ask questions similar to why are we here? And, what is the point of all this? They are often deeply philosophical thinkers and they have the capacity to look for answers to questions bigger than themselves. Existential intelligence is often called spiritual or moral intelligence.
5. Interpersonal Intelligence
Do you have a natural ability to get on well with others? Are you good at reading people and social situations? If this is the case, chances are that you have a high level of interpersonal intelligence. People with this type of intelligence are often good at reading verbal and non-verbal cues as well as determining temperament and mood. They feel empathy easily. Often this type of intelligence can be found in politicians, social workers, life coaches and psychologists.
6. Linguistic Intelligence
Linguistic Intelligence is the type of intelligence that is most commonly shared by humans. It involves our ability to think in words and use these words to make oneself understood. People with high linguistic intelligence are very good at putting their feelings and thoughts into words in order to make others understand them. They are drawn to activities such as reading, writing and public speaking.
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