Cindy Johnston, 65 years of age, is schedule to have a right total knee replacement next week. She is at the pretesting clinic having the preoperative testing completed. The orders include: CBC, comprehensive metabolic panel, urinalysis, type and cross match for 2 units of PRBCs, chest x-ray, and ECG. Mrs. Johnston asks if she can donate her own blood for the procedure. (Learning Objective 5)
a. What are the advantages of autologous blood donation?
b. Which patients would not be candidates for autologous donation?

From Mrs Johnson's request to donate her own blood for her own surgery is an example of autologous blood donation. Therefore autologous blood donation is defined as the donation of blood by an individual, usually 3 days,before an operative procedure is carried out on the same individual.

Explanation:

A) The advantages of autologous blood transfusion includes:

- transfusion reaction would not occur since the transfused blood is an exact match.

-no risk of inadvertently transmitting infectious agent.

-blood cell production by bone marrow will surge due to the transfusion

B) patients that would not be candidates for autologous donation includes:

- patients with hypertension.

-patients with cardiac or pulmonary disease.

- Patients with Active seizure disorder.

gamete is the ansewer

low context culture   (lc.):

association:    

relationships begin and end quickly. many people can be inside one's circle; circle's boundary is not clear.

things get done by following procedures and paying attention to the goal.

one's identity is rooted in oneself and one's accomplishments.

social structure is decentralized; responsibility goes further down (is not concentrated at the top).

interaction:

low use of nonverbal elements. message is carried more by words than by nonverbal means.

verbal message is explicit. context is less important than words.

verbal message is direct; one spells things out exactly.

communication is seen as a way of exchanging information, ideas, and opinions.  

disagreement is depersonalized. one withdraws from conflict with another and gets on with the task. focus is on rational solutions, not personal ones. one can be explicit about another's bothersome behavior.

territoriality:

space is compartmentalized and privately owned; privacy is important, so people are farther apart.

temporality:

things are scheduled to be done at particular times, one thing at a time. what is important is that activity is done efficiently.

change is fast. one can make change and see immediate results.

time is a commodity to be spent or saved. one’s time is one’s own.

learning:

reality is fragmented and compartmentalized. one source of information is used to develop knowledge. thinking is inductive, proceeds from specific to general. focus is on detail.

learning occurs by following explicit directions and explanations of others.

an individual orientation is preferred for learning and problem solving.

speed is valued. how efficiently something is learned is important.

hope that                                         : )