In cloning and other methods of asexual reproduction, which best describes the relationship between parent and offspring?

Exact copies. What I mean by this is that a clone will become an exact copy of the original creature that it was cloned from. This is the same in Asexual reproduction, because it will practically be a clone in a way, because it will give its genes directly to the offspring, with no other genes changing any genetic code in the DNA. I hope that this answer helps! (also if you don't mind I could use a I'm trying to rank up right now, but if not, then idc because it's more important you get the answer that you were looking for!)

Pe.dometer would be the most useful to you for monitoring heart rate.