According to the urban realms model, urban areas a) tend to develop in a linear fashion along public transportation lines b) have comparative advantages relating to the time period they developed c) comprise several edge cities with independent business cores d) are built along a series of concentric circular zones e) tend to develop around hubs such as airports and shopping malls

The correct answer is C) comprise several edge cities with independent business cores.
The modern urban areas have central city and multiple other edge cities around it, even though the central city is the biggest and most influential, all of the edge cities have separate business cores and all institutions needed for an urban area. They are in very close proximity to the central city and are well connected in every department.

No, because you are more likely to see volcanic mountains where magma is rising along the mid-ocean ridge spreading to the center.

Granite is a hard stone and lasts for a long time in both modern and ancient buildings. as proof of its durability, granite is often used in gravestones and memorials, intended to last for many years.