The name for the fertile soil in the northern european plain is

reflecting point a across the origin negates both of its coordinates.

b = (5, -4)

the proximity of water was an advantage to western europe and its culture was able to flourish as a result. trade and travel by sea were easier and safer in historical times.

1. there are no mountains to protect it from the sea

2. and its has wet cool summers and wet, mild winters.