Which area of geographical study involves examining different populations in the world, including their distribution and trade patterns?

The area of geographical studies that focuses on that I believe is Human Geography.

Human geography

Explanation:

The human aspects of the geography are dealt with the major branch of the geographic knowledge as under the human geography which includes the study of the demographic, economic, social and political aspects of the international world, and also includes the study of there geographical distribution their patterns of distribution or dispersal. It also focuses on there trading patterns ad thus relies on the geographical data of the nations and there economic consumption and production.

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