What is always used to find a coordinate?

The great scientist alfred wegener proposed that continents have moved, while other scientists such as t. c.chamberlin argued against wegener. wegener's ideas eventually won, and are now widely accepted, because: a) wegener's ideas were more beautiful, and so were favored by the intellectual elite. b) wegener's ideas did a better job of predicting the results of new observations and experiments. c) wegener's ideas appealed to dead white european males, whereas chamberlin's didn't. d) wegener's ideas appalled dead white european males, and we all know that in this politically correct era, dead white european males cannot get a fair shake. e) wegener won the nobel prize.

The chemical or mechanical process by which rock is gradually broken down eventually becoming soil

What does it mean if a piece of wood is ripped? it has been water-damaged. it has been cut with the grain. it has been cut against the grain. it has been covered with laminate.