Pls help this is my last question <333

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Explanation:

The Holy Land Crusades were one of the most important kinds of military mobilization during the Middle Ages. The mobilization of the Crusaders had significant consequences for the creation of European states. Even after accounting for underlying levels of religiosity and economic development, we find that areas with large numbers of Holy Land crusaders experienced increased political stability and institutional development, as well as greater urbanization associated with rising trade and capital accumulation. Our findings add to the scholarly debate about when the fundamental parts of the modern state first appeared. Despite the fact that our causal mechanisms—which emphasize the importance of war preparation and urban capital accumulation—are similar to those highlighted in previous research, we date the critical transition to statehood centuries earlier, in line with scholars who emphasize the medieval origins of the modern state. We also discuss one way in which the rise of Muslim military and political power may have influenced the formation of European institutions.

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the answer is blue river

answercharacteristics of place include things like economic activity, architecture,and culture,all of which are human elements that alter or can be influenced by the environment;