How did Europe under-develop Africa ?​

According to modernization theories, endogenous factors in the countries, such as traditional, illiteracy, the traditional attitude of the population, agrarian structure, the low division of labour, the lack of communication and infrastructure, etc., are answerable for underdevelopment.

During the time I’m which Europe was colonising other places they deemed as “inferior” to them due to their low rate of the modernisation of their infrastructure compared to the times they were in. Sadly the continent Africa was another place they sought as inferior and so they invaded and claimed it as there own. After this they didn’t help Africa by using Africa’s resources to improve the infrastructure, instead they stole all the raw materials of the continent. They took the most important things that could help the economic situation of Africa such as Diamonds and coal.diamonds which had lots of value since they were so rare and coal which could create many important things such as heat and energy. After Europe left Africa they left it worse off then when they found it, One they left it without materials and secondly they made communication impossible for the tribes of the time because of the language barriers they have now created because of the many different countries that each colonised their own section of Africa and then implanted their own language and religion

Answer (d) may increase or decrease porosity through dissolution or deposition;

To relate to humans in a relational humanly way.