How do volcanic mountains form?
a.
volcanic mountains form below the surface then rise above the surface during earthquakes.

b.
lava, ash, and other materials from volcanic eruptions gradually build up over time.

c.
tectonic forces squeeze rocks together as two continental plates collide.

d.
running water deposits sediment that builds up to form the mountains over time.

B. 
Lava, ash, and other materials from volcanic eruptions gradually build up over time. This is the correct answer. The volcanic molten material is ejected from fissures or initial cones and as the lava flows out and cools and as the pyroclastic materials solidify and tumble down the slopes, they build up the flanks of the volcanoes.

The peak above is part of the  sierra madre occidentals ,  a chain of volcanic mountains that runs through the middle of central america. 

Humans have survived and thrived in mexico city by using technology to create greater access to land. when the spanish conquered the aztec capital, tenochtitlan, in the 16th century, they built mexico city by draining the lakes and filling in the lake water to create more arable land for agriculture. this technique of land reclamation has continued to be fundamental to human civilization in mexico city.